In
this exciting and informative program, videos and animations show the
properties of each of the three states of matter and the transitions between
these states. Developing an understanding of chemical bonding and
intermolecular forces allows students to understand what keeps the particles
in the
condensed states of matter close to each other. A section on energy explains
why particles separate from each other and form liquids and gases. Videos show
the properties of liquids, such as viscosity and surface tension, while
students use their understanding of intermolecular forces to visualize what
occurs at the particle level. Insightful artwork and narration illustrate the
characteristics of crystalline and amorphous solids. Vapor pressure, boiling
point, melting point, and phase diagrams allow students to comprehend the
reasons substances change states.
OUTLINE:
I. Introduction
II. Key Characteristics of Each State A. Gases B. Liquids C. Solids
III. Attractive Forces and Energy A. Attractive Forces 1.
Chemical Bonds a.
Ionic Bonds b.
Metallic Bonds c.
Covalent Bonds 2.
Intermolecular Forces a.
Polarity b.
Electronegativity c.
London Dispersion Forces (1)
Instantaneous Dipoles (2)
Induced Dipoles d.
Dipole Interactions e.
Hydrogen Bonding B. Energy 1.
Units of Energy 2.
Kinetic and Potential Energy a.
Kinetic Energy (1)
Heat and Temperature (2)
Temperature Scales b.
Potential Energy c.
Energy and Phase Changes d.
Kinetic Molecular Theory (1)
Kinetic Energy and Temperature
IV. The States of Matter A. Gases B. Liquids 1.
Surface Tension a.
Comparing Surface Tensions 2.
Capillary Action 3.
Viscosity a.
Viscosity and Temperature C. Solids 1.
Crystalline Solids a.
Unit Cells b.
Ionic Solids c.
Metallic Solids d.
Molecular Solids e.
Network Solids 2.
Amorphous Solids
V. Changes of State A. Vapor Pressure and Boiling
Point 1.
Evaporation and Condensation a.
Equilibrium 2.
Vapor Pressure Depends on Two Factors 3.
Normal Boiling Point a.
Why Water Boils At 100° C. 4.
Altitude and Boiling Point B. Changes of State 1.
Vaporization 2.
Condensation 3.
Fusion 4.
Sublimation C. Phase Diagrams 1.
The Phase Diagram of Carbon Dioxide 2.
Triple Point and the Phase Diagram of Water 3.
Solid Water is Less Dense than Liquid Water 4.
Critical Point D. Heating Curves
VI. Conclusion
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A. Gases
