This
comprehensive program introduces students to the three types of chemical bonds:
ionic, metallic, and covalent. Review topics, such as electron configurations
and valence shells, provide the foundation on which learning about bonds is
built. Through the use of colorful artwork, the process of bonding becomes
crystal clear when students see the transferring and sharing of electrons
between atoms. Engaging animations illustrate properties that the bonding
electrons confer on each bond type. The use of common compounds and molecules
when possible lends familiarity to this essential subject.
OUTLINE:
I. Introduction
II. Review Topics
A. Energy levels and orbitals
B. Orbital diagram
1.
Building an orbital diagram
2.
Practice
C. Electron configurations
1.
and the periodic table
2.
Practice
D. Valence shells and electrons
III. The Octet Rule
IV. Ionic Bonds
A. Lewis dot diagrams
1.
and valence electrons
2.
Rearrangement of bonding
electrons
a.
An example
3.
Practice
B. Types of ions
1.
Monatomic cations
a.
How to name them
2.
Monatomic anions
a.
How to name them
3.
Polyatomic ions
C. Binary ionic compounds
1.
Neutral compounds
2.
Empirical and chemical formulas
a.
Determining ratios
(1)
Using the crisscross method
(2)
Checking your answer
D. Ion ratios in polyatomic compounds
1.
Checking your answer
V. Properties of ionic
compounds
A. Crystal lattice
B. Melting point
C. Hard, yet brittle character
D. Electrical conductivity
VI. Review of ionic bonding
VII. Metallic Bonds
A. Electron Sea Model
VIII. Properties of metals
A. Electric and heat conduction
B. Ductility and malleability
IX. Review of metallic bonds
X. Covalent Bonds
A. Molecular formula
B. Lewis structures
1.
And valence electrons
2.
nonbonding valence
electrons
3.
Multiple bonds
a.
Double bonds
b.
Triple bonds
4.
Exceptions to the octet rule
a.
fewer electrons than an octet
b.
more electrons than an
octet
5.
Resonance structures
XI. Properties of covalent bonds
A. Electronegativity
1.
and polar bonds
2.
and nonpolar bonds
3.
Predicting polarity
4.
Polar bonds in nonpolar molecules
B. Melting and boiling points
1.
of network solids
XII. Review of covalent bonds
XIV. Conclusion
